Feb 28, 2021 · When using peanut butter as food bait, avoid spreading too much peanut butter on the trap. Just put about a pea-sized amount of the peanut butter on the trap to attract mice. 2. Chocolate. Chocolate is another high-calorie food that mice love. It also has a strong smell that attracts mice out of hiding.Last update on 2024-02-13 / Affiliate links / Images from Amazon Product Advertising API. Top Pick: MOTOMCO Tomcat Mouse and Rat Pack Killer. For the most effective rat poison, we recommend MOTOMCO Tomcat Mouse and Rat Pack Killer. This poison works through the rats repeatedly feeding on the bait. This releases the scent, which mice may not spot if the seeds are dried or frozen. 5. Sweet Corn. Similarly, corn (known as maize in some parts of the world) is a good form of mouse bait. It’s part of their ancestral diet, whether they’re nibbled corn cobs in the fields or attacking dried seeds in the silo or granary. How to Prevent Mice in the Attic. To prevent mice from getting into your attic, take the following steps: Perform regular inspections of your home's exterior, attic, and crawlspace. Keep an eye out for droppings and signs of nesting. Reduce and remove possible food and water sources.Sep 27, 2023 · Best Overall: Tomcat Press ’N Set. Best Budget Snap Trap: Victor M154 Mouse Trap. Best Electric: Victor M250S No Touch, No See. Best Glue Trap: …9. Havoc Rat & Mouse Bait. If you need an ample supply of pallets, then Havoc Rat & Mouse Bait is a good option for that. It’s a 10.6 lbs of the bucket with years of supply for rat and mouse bait pallets. This one contains a second-generation rodenticide which combines Brodifacoum.3 days ago · JT Eaton 409BULK Jawz Plastic Mouse Trap. This snap trap is a great option for those who want a quick way to eliminate a mouse in the home. This trap has a high-tension spring that’s settable by hand or foot. Plus, it comes in a pack of 24 to cover every infested area of your home. $34.44 at Amazon. Jun 1, 2020 · Hazelnuts. Hazelnuts have a strong smell, which makes them excellent to use as squirrel bait. They are also a good squirrel bait to ‘set and forget’ traps, to an extent. When I say ‘set and forget,’ I mean you can check in on the trap every 2-3 days. You do not have to reapply the bait.4lb Bucket, 8lb Bucket, 22lb Bucket. Kaput Rat & Mouse Bait (for rats, mice and voles) EPA Reg. No. 72500-6. Download Safety Data Sheet. Download Label. 32 Place Packs, 60 Place Packs, 150 Place Packs. Find rodent control solutions for rats, mice & voles problems! We have several solutions to your rodent problems.The Rat Zapper by AgriZap uses ordinary food bait to lure a mouse or rat, just like a traditional mousetrap does.But then the device zaps the rodent, courtesy of four D batteries. Victor makes ...Mar 27, 2023 · The best bait for mouse trap that attracts mice is peanut butter. Peanut butter is sweet and has a nutty aroma. Mice love eating seeds and nuts, which is why it is the ideal bait. Many homeowners like using bacon grease because its strong smell lures mice to the traps that have been set.The men broke into a warehouse storing iPhones by digging a 50 cm hole (about a foot and a half) in the wall. Three Chinese men have been arrested for stealing 240 iPhones 6 handse...Shad/Shiners. Shad are the best live bait for striped bass, hands down. If you prefer to target larger bass in deeper water, this is what you need to have at the end of your line. They work well for big flathead and catfish as well, but you can certainly use them for largemouth too. The best bait for a trap is a food that is high in sugars and fasts. In particular, baits that have stood the test of time are peanut butter, milk chocolate, and milk chocolate covered peanut butter. The ultimate, classic mouse traps that always seems to do the job are the peanut butter snap traps—if you need to quickly get rid of some mice ... The men broke into a warehouse storing iPhones by digging a 50 cm hole (about a foot and a half) in the wall. Three Chinese men have been arrested for stealing 240 iPhones 6 handse...The Havoc Rodenticide Bait offers superior palatability when competing food sources are high. Second generation …Sep 8, 2023 ... Peanut butter makes an easy rat lure that most people already have in their pantry. A scoop or dollop of the spread can serve as a highly ...Dec 7, 2023 · Aspartame: This substance has been known to kill mice. Pour a couple packets in with a tablespoon of peanut butter and roll into balls, and be careful not to make it too sticky, as mice are likely to eat more of it if it’s smoother. Besides the poisonous agent, mix-ins are an important part of homemade mouse poison.1 day ago · The consensus is that you should use peanut butter, or perhaps hazelnut spread or chocolate, though some trap manufacturers sell their own gel baits. But …Having mice in your oven is a hassle, but there are ways to shoo them away for good. If you find yourself unwillingly hosting scratchy, scurrying vermin in your kitchen—and you’re ...Jan 3, 2023 · As an expert in agricultural and domestic pest issues, we offer the best bait options to capture mice and other rodents. We have a multitude of mouse trap options, …For bait, you can use peanut butter, gumdrops, dried fruit, nuts, chocolate candy, or fresh fruit. These types of bait are also useful for killing chipmunks in traps. Do not use cheese as it is not effective bait. Secure the bait to the trap with hot glue, fishing line, or dental floss. Doing so ensures the mice …Buy professional Mouse Poison, Mice poison and mouse killer bait products with Free shipping and free expert advice on mouse control. Ask A Pro: 866-581-7378 Mon-Fri 9am-5pm ET Live Chat Contact Us. ... It is best, when deciding on how to bait a mouse trap, to look for areas that are hidden and out of the way. ...Dec 11, 2023 · 1 Comparison chart: The 3 Best Mouse Poison Pellets; 2 Top 3 Mouse Poison Pellets Reviewed. 2.1 1. RatX Rat and Mouse Rodenticide Pellets – Best Humane Pellets to Kill Mice (Editor’s Choice) 2.2 2. NEOGEN Ramik Green Rodenticide Nuggets – Best Rodent Poison Pellets (People’s Choice) 2.3 3. Tomcat Bromethalin Meal Bait; 2.4 4. Ratkil Rat ... 4. Pest-Stop Mouse Bait Station: Best mouse trap around children and pets. Price: £2.95 | Buy now from Screwfix. When it comes households with young, curious children and pets, snap trap are not ... This releases the scent, which mice may not spot if the seeds are dried or frozen. 5. Sweet Corn. Similarly, corn (known as maize in some parts of the world) is a good form of mouse bait. It’s part of their ancestral diet, whether they’re nibbled corn cobs in the fields or attacking dried seeds in the silo or granary. 3 days ago · Here are our top recommendations. Top 4 Mouse Traps. Best Glue Trap: Catchmaster Baited Traps. Best Pack: JT Eaton Jawz Plastic Trap. Best Jaws: Tomcat Press ‘N Set Trap. Best Catch-and-Release …May 3, 2018 ... I never knew about putting PB on the bottom. I've just been feeding this mouse PB for so long!! I was about to give up and just claim him as a ...FOR RAT & MOUSE CONTROL - Roshield killer pasta bait is an approved rodenticide poison to control and eradicate mice and rats in and around buildings. The high- ... This releases the scent, which mice may not spot if the seeds are dried or frozen. 5. Sweet Corn. Similarly, corn (known as maize in some parts of the world) is a good form of mouse bait. It’s part of their ancestral diet, whether they’re nibbled corn cobs in the fields or attacking dried seeds in the silo or granary. Dec 2, 2016 ... Peanut butter and cheese can be a good choice as bait for getting rid of mice. Stereotypes of mice would make cheese the best option. However, ...2 days ago · The Best Bait. If you’re trying to work out the best bait to use in your mouse trap, it’s fair to say that mice will eat anything. There are certain foods which work better than others, but it’s also worth looking at the type of mouse trap you’re using as well. Even if you use a mouse’s favorite food, you may not catch them if you don ...Neogen Ramik Green Rat Bait Packs – Best Outdoor Rat Poison (People’s Choice) 2.3 3. JT Eaton Top Gun All-Weather Rodenticide Bait Blocks; 2.4 4. Neogen Havoc-XT Rat Bait Blocks; 2.5 5. d-CON – Best Easy-to-Use Refillable Bait Station with Rat Poison for Indoor Locations; 2.6 6. The Big Cheese Rat & …It’s a common myth that cheese is the best mouse bait. This belief is more myth than reality, because cheese is no better mouse bait than any other foods mice eat. How to bait mice with commercial toxic baits. Commercial toxic baits are also excellent mouse bait. Toxic baits sold in supermarkets fall into 2 …22 hours ago · 7 Reviewers. 33 Products Considered. 12 Hours of Research. 3 Products Reviewed. 3 Top Picks. Trying to get rid of mice for good? Get a FREE Quote & BEST …Advertisement Biometric mice add security to your computer system by permitting only authorized users to control the mouse and access the computer. Protection is accomplished with ...The Bait Block Rodenticide by JT Eaton is a specially formulated anticoagulant bait block that eliminates mice and rats by attracting them using it’s peanut butter flavored formula.. Similar to other bait poison, it uses active ingredient Diphacinone to eliminate rats and other pests within a few days after feeding. Every purchase …STEP 3: Eliminate food sources. Mice won’t stick around a home that doesn’t offer a steady supply of food and water, so homeowners will want to get rid of the obvious sources of sustenance first.May 17, 2021 · With some forms of poison, a low dosage is best. This keeps your rats coming back time and again to eat the bait. It also means they’ll take it home and feed it to their young, eliminating the whole rat nest. And that’s how Tomcat works. This pelletized bait is appetizing to rats, mice, and most other small rodents. Place your station: Put the bait stations where you’ve seen signs of rodent activity, near walls or in corners, as well as the attic and basement. Mice tend to seek heat, so near major appliances can also be a good spot. Monitor your station: d-Con’s stations have clear windows so you check whether mice have eaten the bait; …3 days ago · JT Eaton 409BULK Jawz Plastic Mouse Trap. This snap trap is a great option for those who want a quick way to eliminate a mouse in the home. This trap has a high-tension spring that’s settable by hand or foot. Plus, it comes in a pack of 24 to cover every infested area of your home. $34.44 at Amazon. Nov 3, 2022 · Set the traps. The first step is to find out where the mice are getting in and block off these holes with quick-hardening sealant, or 'mouse mesh'. Avoid using caulk, rubber or plastic fillers as ... 1. Logitech MX Master 3S. Best Wireless Mouse for Most. Specifications. Sensor: Logitech Darkfield Laser. Connectivity: Bluetooth LE or Logi Bolt (Up to 3 devices) Battery: Up to 70 days (USB-C ...Our Top Picks. This list of the best mouse extermination companies was selected based on each company’s service area, quote process, scheduling convenience, customer service availability ...“The policy of being too cautious is the greatest risk of all.” Jawaharlal Nehru Of all the potential complications associated with atrial fibrillation (AF), stroke is the most fea...Jan 31, 2020 · Peanut Butter is the Best Mouse Trap Bait. Many baits work well, but we recommend good, old peanut butter. (By the way, cheese is one of the least effective baits.) Here's a tip. Mark the top of the peanut butter bait jar and let your family know what it's for. Think about it: You're baiting the mouse traps with peanut butter and then in the ... Nov 10, 2023 · Use strong-smelling foods like peanut butter or cheese to attract rats universally. Homemade bait is economical and poses less danger to pets or children. Position traps along walls or enclosed spaces where rat activity is high. Remove alternative food sources to make the bait in traps more appealing.Aug 9, 2023 · Also, try various bait to see what works best for attracting mice in your yard. Motel Mouse. A humane option is the Motel Mouse Humane Mouse Trap. This trap allows for live capture of mice, allowing you to release them back into nature–far from your yard, of course! To ensure success with these traps: Place them in areas with high mouse activity The best computer mouse we've tested is the Logitech MX Master 3S, the newest version in Logitech's MX Master lineup. This mouse has all the standout features of previous models in the series, including an ergonomic right-handed shape, a gesture button on the thumb rest, and two dedicated scroll wheels.MouseX Throw Packs are your safe and effective solution to removing mice. Cellophane throw pack is environmentally-friendly. Easy to use - Just toss the throw pack wherever you spot rodent activity. Ready to use with no mixing required. Formulated with naturally derived ingredients made in the USA.Ten surprisingly easy and effective best bait for mice traps; Best Food to Bait Mice. 1. Peanut butter 2. Sugar-coated Cereal; 3. Seeds and nuts; 4. Gum drops; 5. Marshmallow 6. Pet-food 7. Meat chunks; 8. Jam; 9. Cheese 10. Chocolate The best bait for rats and mice Contrac Blox Mouse Control: First Strike Pacs: …Dec 15, 2014 · Best Rat and Mouse Poisons. 1. JT Eaton 166004 709-PN Bait Block Rodenticide Anticoagulant Bait | Best Slow-Acting. Rats love JT Eaton Bait – this is confirmed by customers. People are quietly leaving their homes, placing rat bait stations with this rat poison bait, and after return they find empty stations. 2 days ago · The Best Bait. If you’re trying to work out the best bait to use in your mouse trap, it’s fair to say that mice will eat anything. There are certain foods which work better than others, but it’s also worth looking at the type of mouse trap you’re using as well. Even if you use a mouse’s favorite food, you may not catch them if you don .... With two types of poison, our Kits offer a 'double-pronged attack' - the fastest and most effective method of mouse control. Contains 600g (6 x 100g) Pest Expert Formula ‘B’ Mouse Killer grain bait and mouse bait trays as well as 30 Mouse Bait Blocks and 12 Mouse Bait Boxes for secure baiting in sensitive areas.Shop our range of Mouse Traps, Rodent Controls & Repellents at warehouse prices from quality brands. ... Our best-selling 50L storage container for only $6.95. Shop Now. Lighting & Electrical. Back; Lighting & Electrical. ... The Big Cheese 100g Ultra Power Rat Kill Bait Station (6) $29.92. Add to Cart. Compare. The Big …Jan 5, 2023 ... The best baits to use on rat traps are bacon (raw, un-smoked), peanut butter, lard, dried fruit, dog biscuit and grain. The best baits to use ...The Havoc Rodenticide Bait offers superior palatability when competing food sources are high. Second generation … Protecta Mouse Bait Station. Shop or Read Reviews on Amazon >>. The Protecta Bait Station is a small, compact, triangular mouse bait that measures 13-inches long, 3 inches wide, and 9 inches deep. It is one of the most popular bait stations that deal with rodent infestations. Bait blocks are a little different. They're made of poison-infused wax which is usually fragranced with a sweet smell that appeals to rodents. As rats and mice ...22 hours ago · 7 Reviewers. 33 Products Considered. 12 Hours of Research. 3 Products Reviewed. 3 Top Picks. Trying to get rid of mice for good? Get a FREE Quote & BEST …Scientists want to make the mice a little dirtier and a little more diverse, just like the humans they're meant to model. Scientists at the US National Institutes of Health and Med...4lb Bucket, 8lb Bucket, 22lb Bucket. Kaput Rat & Mouse Bait (for rats, mice and voles) EPA Reg. No. 72500-6. Download Safety Data Sheet. Download Label. 32 Place Packs, 60 Place Packs, 150 Place Packs. Find rodent control solutions for rats, mice & voles problems! We have several solutions to your rodent problems.Feb 1, 2024 · For bait, you can use peanut butter, gumdrops, dried fruit, nuts, chocolate candy, or fresh fruit. These types of bait are also useful for killing chipmunks in traps. Do not use cheese as it is not effective bait. Secure the bait to the trap with hot glue, fishing line, or dental floss. Doing so ensures the mice cannot escape the trap with the ...2 days ago · Some had videos of house mice avoiding the traps they had set or stealing the bait and running away. We share this frustration and feel it keenly. In some cases, it took …Feb 14, 2024 · The Best Bait for My Mouse Trap. Selecting the right bait for a trap is critical for it to function well. Since peanut butter smells nutty and delicious and is potent enough to be detected far away, rodents are likelier to interact with the trap with this bait. Safety is always a concern when setting up traps; peanut butter is non-toxic and edible.Jun 4, 2023 · Some common mouse baits for glue traps include peanut butter, cheese, bacon, and chocolate. Peanut butter is a popular choice because of its strong scent and sticky texture, which makes it difficult for mice to resist. Cheese is also a classic bait that can be used to attract mice to the glue trap.Mar 27, 2023 · The best bait for mouse trap that attracts mice is peanut butter. Peanut butter is sweet and has a nutty aroma. Mice love eating seeds and nuts, which is why it is the ideal bait. Many homeowners like using bacon grease because its strong smell lures mice to the traps that have been set. Neogen Ramik Green Rat Bait Packs – Best Outdoor Rat Poison (People’s Choice) 2.3 3. JT Eaton Top Gun All-Weather Rodenticide Bait Blocks; 2.4 4. Neogen Havoc-XT Rat Bait Blocks; 2.5 5. d-CON – Best Easy-to-Use Refillable Bait Station with Rat Poison for Indoor Locations; 2.6 6. The Big Cheese Rat & …Mar 10, 2024 · This releases the scent, which mice may not spot if the seeds are dried or frozen. 5. Sweet Corn. Similarly, corn (known as maize in some parts of the world) is a good form of mouse bait. It’s part of …9. Havoc Rat & Mouse Bait. If you need an ample supply of pallets, then Havoc Rat & Mouse Bait is a good option for that. It’s a 10.6 lbs of the bucket with years of supply for rat and mouse bait pallets. This one contains a second-generation rodenticide which combines Brodifacoum.Dec 4, 2023 · 1. JT Eaton Bait Block Rodenticide – The Best for Outside (Editor’s Choice) Read Verified Customer Reviews. After numerous reviews and trials, customers regularly come back to certain brands of mouse poison time and time again. One of those brands that seem to be the best is JT Eaton: Since mice are attracted to peanut butter flavor more ...This mouse poison is very effective in reducing or eliminating the mouse population in your home. It comes with brodifacoum as the active ingredient. This second-generation anticoagulant is extremely effective, and it kills in only one feeding. The D con ready mix comes with 4 trays for placing bait in areas of rodent activity.The story behind the success of Marico Industries' flagship product. When Harsh (Mariwala) joined Bombay Oil (in 1971)…(he) realised that the oil business, the mainstay of Bombay O...Rat-bite fever is a rare bacterial disease spread by the bite of an infected rodent. Rat-bite fever is a rare bacterial disease spread by the bite of an infected rodent. Rat-bite f...1. Logitech MX Master 3S. Best Wireless Mouse for Most. Specifications. Sensor: Logitech Darkfield Laser. Connectivity: Bluetooth LE or Logi Bolt (Up to 3 devices) Battery: Up to 70 days (USB-C ...Contrac All Weather Blox, manufactured by Bell Laboratories, Inc., is a single-feeding anticoagulant rodenticide containing bromadiolone. Contrac Blox kills various types of rats, mice, and meadow voles. Each bait block has pre-drilled holes for inserting in bait stations to provide a safer control method. Contrac Blox …The men broke into a warehouse storing iPhones by digging a 50 cm hole (about a foot and a half) in the wall. Three Chinese men have been arrested for stealing 240 iPhones 6 handse...Victor mouse traps need a bait that sticks to the trigger and does not just lay on it. Place enough peanut butter on the trigger so that it covers the trigger.Sep 8, 2023 ... Peanut butter makes an easy rat lure that most people already have in their pantry. A scoop or dollop of the spread can serve as a highly ...May 4, 2019 · Using Mouse Repellents. Repellents will be your first course of action. This can be a device, or it can be something as simple as a particular oil or scented item that …Of the powders we tested, the Terro T530 Roach Bait Powder was the easiest to apply. Each small container holds roughly 150 bait applications. That means it’s easy to bait in a lot of places at ...Tomcat All-Weather Bait Chunx One of the Best Mouse Poisons for All Mice. There are many types of mice, such as deer mice, house mice, white-footed mice, cotton mouse and many others. However, the Tomcat All-Weather Bait Chunx is designed to be useful for all rodents, including mice and rats. The …May 25, 2023 · Best of the Best. Bell Labs. Rodent Control Bait Stations. Check Price. Customers looking for overall rodent control should check out this popular bait station. Tamper-proof stations come with one key. Bait is safely secured from pets and children. Offers bait securing rods. Doubles as a monitoring station.Wireless mice have become quite popular these days, but with them come a few annoyances—namely, input lag. Human Benchmark, while created to test your reaction time, will let you k...Oct 28, 2023 · Peanut butter is often regarded as one of the most effective mouse baits. Its strong aroma and high-fat content make it irresistible to mice. It’s also easy to work with …We used to groan about the daily rat race. But after a long time without it, we definitely realize it was missed. * Required Field Your Name: * Your E-Mail: * Your Remark: Friend's...Step 2: Seal all entry points. Mice are excellent at squeezing into small spaces—even openings that are just 1/4 inch in size. Rodent-proofing your home will keep any new mice from entering. Eliminate access points like cracks in the foundation and wall openings, especially where utility pipes penetrate walls.6. Best bait station for mice and rats. Cons. 1. You will get only one key. So keep the bait station key safe. 4. Victor Commercial mouse bait stations. Victor’s refillable mouse bait station is one of the most heavy-duty outdoor bait stations available on the market in 2020.Jul 31, 2023 · 1. Best Overall Mouse Trap. Victor No Touch, No See Electronic Mouse Trap. $18 at Amazon. 2. Best Value Mouse Trap. Victor Easy Set Wooden Snap Trap (12 …But of course, no pest control method is perfect. In this Terro ant bait review, we'll tell you about how it works, how to use it, and its pros and cons. Expert Advice On Improving...Mar 10, 2024 · Choosing the best mice killer can be difficult as there are so many considerations, such as Briteen, Tomcat, d-Con, USKICH, J T Eaton, Teal Elite, MouseX, ECOCLEAR PRODUCTS PEOPLE, PETS & WILDLIFE. ... 🐀[Easy to set mouse traps] Just put the bait in the bait cup and press the spring of rodent traps outside to complete the …Place your station: Put the bait stations where you’ve seen signs of rodent activity, near walls or in corners, as well as the attic and basement. Mice tend to seek heat, so near major appliances can also be a good spot. Monitor your station: d-Con’s stations have clear windows so you check whether mice have eaten the bait; …Mar 10, 2024 · This releases the scent, which mice may not spot if the seeds are dried or frozen. 5. Sweet Corn. Similarly, corn (known as maize in some parts of the world) is a good form of mouse bait. It’s part of …When it comes to trapping rats, having the right bait is crucial for success. Rats are intelligent creatures that can quickly learn to avoid traps if they sense danger or detect an...Jul 26, 2021 ... BEST MOUSE POISON ON THE MARKET! D-CON KILLS MICE https://amzn.to/3U0JXEJ It is so d-LICIOUS that mice will risk their lives for it.The JT Eaton Bait Block rodenticide is a first-generation anticoagulant bait with specially formulated blocks that have an apple flavor to attract and eliminate mice and rats. The active ingredient is Diphacinone 0.005-percent which efficiently eliminates smaller rodents and pests a few days after feeding.8 Pack Mouse Bait Stations with 8 Keys, Outdoor Rodent Box Station for Mice Small Rats, Mouse Traps Opens Easily with Key, Kids and Pets Safe. 38. 200+ bought in past month. $2399 ($3.00/Count) List: $27.99. Save more with Subscribe & Save. Save 5% with coupon.How to Prevent Mice in the Attic. To prevent mice from getting into your attic, take the following steps: Perform regular inspections of your home's exterior, attic, and crawlspace. Keep an eye out for droppings and signs of nesting. Reduce and remove possible food and water sources.May 14, 2023 ... Place them along baseboards and walls, where mice prefer to travel, with the bait directly in their path. Simple wood and wire snap traps are a ...We used to groan about the daily rat race. But after a long time without it, we definitely realize it was missed. * Required Field Your Name: * Your E-Mail: * Your Remark: Friend's...Sep 27, 2023 · The Best Mouse Traps. Best Overall: Tomcat Press ’N Set. Best Budget Snap Trap: Victor M154 Mouse Trap. Best Electric: Victor M250S No Touch, No See. Best Glue Trap: Catchmaster Heavy Duty. Best ...Bait stations come pre-loaded and ready to use. High-quality bait formula is extremely palatable to rodents. Simply throw away station when bait is depleted. Child-resistant plastic casing with beveled columns to prevent bait access. Includes 1 pre-filled refillable bait station, 19 bait refills, and 1-pair of gloves.Mar 29, 2023 · We favor the Owltra Indoor Electric Mouse Trap. One set of four AA batteries puts out enough charge to kill 60 mice. And unlike some other electric models, you can reuse this trap without buying additional parts. The Owltra features a bait station with air vents at the rear. The aroma lures mice.Jan 6, 2024 · Neogen Havoc-40 pack is the ideal bait to use for most commuters. This bait comes in 40-small packages full of pellets and grains. All you need is to pick one package, place it in the vehicle, and rest it for five to ten days. This product is effective for killing warfarin-resistant Norway rats, roof rats, and mice. ---1